12–20°C
Ideal temp
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Rabi Crop · Brassicaceae Family
Cabbage is a cool-season leafy vegetable grown across India primarily as a Rabi crop in plains, and year-round in hills. It is cultivated for fresh vegetable markets and domestic use. The crop has a total field duration of 90–150 days depending on maturity group, with head harvest beginning at 60–90 days after transplanting.
First harvest: 60–90 days after transplanting
Primary season: Rabi (plains); year-round in hills
Optimal temp: 12–20°C
100–140 qtl per acre (plains); 280–320 qtl (hills)
12–20°C
Ideal temp
Sandy loam to loam, pH 5.5–6.5
Best soil
60–90 days after transplant
First harvest
90–150 days
Total duration
100–140 qtl (plains)
Yield/acre
Aug–Nov nursery; Sept–Dec transplant
Rabi (plains)
Hills: Jan–Feb, Jul–Aug, Sept–Oct
Hills sowing
Cabbage completes five growth stages from nursery sowing to the end of the harvest period. Total crop duration is 90 to 150 days depending on variety and location.
Nursery and germination
Day 1–7
Seedling establishment
Day 7–30
Vegetative growth after transplant
Day 30–50
Head initiation and development
Day 50–90
Harvest period
Day 90–150
Basic agronomic and physical characteristics of the Cabbage crop.
Plant type
Compact rosette forming a firm round head
Head colour
Light green to pale white
Head shape
Flat, round, or drumhead
Taste
Mild, slightly peppery, crunchy
Water need
Every 10–15 days in winter; avoid waterlogging
Temperature
12–20°C optimal; bolting above 25°C sustained
Variety selection depends on cropping season, soil type, and target market. Hybrid varieties generally produce higher and more uniform yields. Open pollinated varieties have lower seed cost.
Small to medium round firm heads; matures in 65–70 days after transplanting; widely adapted for North India plains
Medium-sized round heads, tolerant to black rot; developed by IARI New Delhi; matures in 70–80 days after transplanting
Large flat drumhead type heads; suitable for North India plains; matures 90–120 days after transplanting; high yield
Large firm heads; widely grown in North and East India; tolerant to splitting; suitable for distant markets
Large round, firm, compact heads; suited for South India plains and Tamil Nadu; good shelf life
Medium to large firm round heads; widely adaptable across North India; good tolerance to cold; yield 120–140 qtl/acre
Indicative figures for one acre under standard management conditions. Actual returns vary with season, variety, and market access.
Common pests, diseases, and management issues in cabbage cultivation. Early identification and timely management help reduce crop loss.
Most serious pest of cabbage; greenish hairy larvae feed on leaves and make holes; can cause 80–90% crop loss if uncontrolled. Install pheromone traps at 12 per hectare. Spray Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki 2 gm per litre at primordial stage. In severe infestation spray Spinosad 2.5% SC at 1.2 ml per litre.
Suck sap from leaves causing yellowing and drooping; act as vectors for viral diseases. Install yellow sticky traps at 12 per hectare. Spray Imidacloprid 17.8 SL 60 ml per acre in 150 litres of water or Dimethoate 30% EC 6 ml per 10 litres of water.
V-shaped yellow lesions at leaf margins progressing inward; veins turn black; caused by Xanthomonas campestris. Treat seeds in hot water at 50°C for 30 minutes or dip in Streptocycline 100 ppm for 30 minutes. Spray Copper oxychloride 2 gm per litre plus Streptomycin 100 ppm after planting and at head formation.
Roots form club-shaped swellings; plants wilt and remain stunted; caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae. Avoid re-planting crucifers on the same field for three years. Dip seedlings in Carbendazim 2 gm per litre for 20 minutes before transplanting.
Mature heads crack and split open due to irregular irrigation or heavy watering after dry period. Irrigate regularly at 10–15 day intervals. Avoid heavy watering once head reaches full size.
Cabbage is grown commercially across a range of agro-climatic zones in India.
Hindi
05:06
Soil Preparation and Land Levelling
Hindi
05:28
Soil Preparation and Land Levelling
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04:52
Soil Preparation and Land Levelling
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06:10
Sowing Methods and Best Practices
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05:45
Sowing Methods and Best Practices
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07:20
Irrigation Scheduling for Wheat
Hindi08:00
Fertilizer Application
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Fertilizer Application
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Fertilizer Application
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Harvesting and Threshing
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Harvesting and Threshing
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Harvesting and Threshing
Wheat is grown as a Rabi crop, sown from October to December and harvested from March to May.
Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Bihar, and Madhya Pradesh are among the major wheat-producing states.
Wheat is grown as a Rabi crop, sown from October to December and harvested from March to May.
Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Bihar, and Madhya Pradesh are among the major wheat-producing states.
